ISO 12966-1-2014 pdf download.Animal and vegetable fats and oils – Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters一 Part 1: Guidelines on modern gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters.
This part of ISO 12966 gives an overview of the gas chromatographic determination of fatty acids, free and bound, in animal and vegetable fats and oils following their conversion to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs).
The qualitative and quantitative determination of the composition of fatty acids by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) is a widely used application in lipid analysis. It is used for the characterization of fats and oils, or fatty foodstuffs after the extraction of the oil from the matrix. The bound fatty acids of the triacylglycerols (TAGs) and, depending on the esterification method, the free fatty acids (FFA) and other lipids, are converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES), which are determined by capillary gas chromatography. Depending on the number of different fatty acids (theoretically more than 50 different fatty acids can be present) capillary columns with a length of 10 m to 100 m are used for a separation.
The GLC of FAMEs is applicable to all natural and synthetic mixtures of tri-, di- and monoacylglycerols,to fatty acid esters, free fatty acids, soaps and other fatty compounds. With this suite of standards,FAMEs from C4 to C26 can be determined, including saturated fatty acid methyl esters, cis- and trans monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters, and cis- and trans-polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl esters.
For the determination of short chain fatty acids, isopropyl and butyl esters are often used so as to avoid interferences with the solvent peak and in order to reduce differences in detector responses.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12966-2,Animal and vegetable fats and oils一Gas chromatography fatty acid methyI esters- Part2:Preparation of methyl esters offatty acids
ISO 12966-3, Animal and vegetable fats and oils一Gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters-Part 3: Preparation of ‘methyl esters using trimethylsulfonium hydroxide (TMSH)
ISO 12966-4:-1), Animal and vegetable fats and oils一Determination of methyl esters of fatty acids-Part 4: Capillary gas chromatographic method
3 Principle
Gas liquid chromatography (GLC) is used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of FAMEs. The FAMEs are prepared in accordance with ISO 12966-2 or ISO 12966-3 and the dissolved FAMEs are then injected into and vaporized within the injector. The separation of FAMEs is achieved on analytical columns of different polarity and lengths. For the detection of the FAMEs, a flame ionization detector (FID) is used.
In the gas chromatography of FAMEs with FID, hydrogen should be used as the carrier gas (mobile phase). For MSD (mass selective detector) applications helium shall be used. The separation can be done in a shorter time with sharper peaks by using hydrogen. The stationary phase is a microscopic layer of a thin liquid film on an inert solid surface, made of steel, glass or fused silica.
The volatilized compounds being analysed interact, during their passage through the capillary tubing,with the stationary phase coating the inner surface of the column. Due to this different interaction of different compounds, they exit the column, or elute, at a different time, which is called the retention time of the compound at a given set of analysis parameters. The comparison of retention times is used for the identification of the different compounds.ISO 12966-1 pdf download.
Tags: Animal and vegetable fats and oils
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