ISO 4407-2002 pdf free download.Hydraulic fluid power – Fluid contamination – Determination of particulate contamination by the counting method using an optical microscope.
ISO 4407 specifies methods for determining the level of particulate contamination in liquids used in hydraulic systems by counting the number of particles deposited on the surface of a membrane filter using an optical microscope. It includes particle counting by two manual methods and image analysis, using either transmitted or incident lighting systems.
Particle sizes 2 pm can be sized and counted by this method, but the resolution and accuracy of the results will depend upon the optical system used and the capabilities of the operator.
All hydraulic fluids with a wide range of contamination levels can be analysed according to this International Standard. However, the counting uncertainty at the larger particle sizes increases if the volume filtered is reduced to allow smaller sized particles to be counted, where a fine precipitate or a high particle concentration is present.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 3722, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluid sample containers — Qualifying and controlling cleaning methods
ISO 4406:1999, Hydraulic fluid power — Fluids — Method for coding the level of contamination by solid particles
ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware — Graduated measuring cylinders
ISO 5598, Fluid power systems and components — Vocabulary
ISO 14644-1:1999, Cleanrooms and associated controlled environments — Classification of air cleanliness
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard, the definitions given in ISO 5598 and the following apply.
blank count
count resulting from contaminants introduced from other sources, such as reagents, cleaning of glassware and preparation of the membrane filter (see 9.2)
3.2 calculation factor
ratio of the effective filtration area to the total area counted
3.3 effective filtration area EFA circular area of the membrane filter open to flow during filtration of liquid
NOTE Both the effective filtration area (EFA) and the effective filtration diameter (EFD) are determined in 8.2.
3.4 fibre particle longer than 100 pm with a length-to-width ratio greater than or equal to 10:1
3.5 fixative liquid liquid that, as a result of a heat curing process, causes a membrane filter to adhere to a glass base slide, resulting in an opaque residue
3.6 grid square square with sides of nominally 3,1 mm printed on membrane filters
NOTE Gridded membrane filters may not be suitable for counting using image analysis techniques.
3.7 image analyser instrumentation to automatically size and count particles deposited on a membrane filter.ISO 4407 pdf download.
Tags: Hydraulic fluid power
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