ISO 12108-2012 pdf free download.Metallic materials – Fatigue testing – Fatigue crack growth method.
ISO 12108 describes tests for determining the fatigue crack growth rate from the fatigue crack growth threshold stress-intensity factor range. KIh, to the onset of rapid, unstable fracture.
This International Standard is primarily intended for use in evaluating isotropic metallic materials under predominantly linear-elastic stress conditions and with force applied only perpendicular to the crack plane (mode I stress condition), and with a constant stress ratio, k.
2 Normative references
The following normative referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4965-1. Metallic materials — Dynamic force calibration for uniaxial fatigue testing — Part 1: Testing systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
crack length
linear measure of a principal planar dimension of a crack from a reference plane to the crack tip
NOTE This Is also called crack size.
3.2 cycle N smallest segment of a force-time or stress-time function which is repeated periodically
NOTE The terms ‘fatigue cycle”, lorce cycle” and “stress cycle” are used interchangeably. The letter N is used to represent the number of elapsed force cycles.
3.3 fatigue crack growth rate da/dN extension in crack length
3.4 maximum force Fmax force having the highest algebraic value in the cycle; a tensile force being positive and a compressive force being negative.
5 Apparatus
5.1 Testing machine
5.1.1 General
The testing machine shall have smooth start-up and a backlash-free force train if passing through zero force. See ISO 4965-1. Cycle to cycle variation of the peak force during precracking shall be less than ± 5 % and shall be held to within ± 2 % of the desired peak force during the test. t\F shall also be maintained to within ± 2 % of the desired range during test. A practical overview of test machines and instrumentation is available [33J. (1
5.1.2 Testing machine alignment
It is important that adequate attention be given to alignment of the testing machine and during machining and installation of the grips in the testing machine.
For tension-compression testing, the length of the force train should be as short and stiff as practical. Non- rotating joints should be used to minimize off-axis motion.
Asymmetry of the crack front is an indication of misalignment; a strain gauged specimen similar to the test article under investigation can be used in aligning the force train and to minimize nonsymmetrical stress distribution and/or bending strain to less than 5 %.
5.1.3 Force measuring system
Accuracy of the force measuring system shall be verified periodically in the testing machine. The calibration for the force transducer shall be traceable to a national organization of metrology. The force measuring system shall be designed for tension and compression fatigue testing and possess great axial and lateral rigidity. The indicated force, as recorded as the output from the computer in an automated system or from the final output recording device in a noncomputer system, shall be within the permissible variation from the actual force. The force transducer’s capacity shall be sufficient to cover the range of force measured during a test. Errors greater than 1 % of the difference between minimum and maximum measured test force are not acceptable.
The force measuring system shall be temperature compensated, not have zero drift greater than 0,002 % of full scale, nor have a sensitivity variation greater than 0,002 % of full scale over a 1 °C change During elevated and cryogenic temperature testing, suitable thermal shielding/compensation shall be provided to the force measuring system so it is maintained within its compensation range.ISO 12108 pdf free download.
Tags: Metallic materials
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