ISO 4499-3:2016 pdf free download.Hardmetals Metallographic determination of microstructurePart 3:Measurement of microstructural features in Ti (C, N) and WC/cubic carbide based hardmetals
Métaux-durs — Determination métallographique de Ia microstructure — Partie 3: Mesure des caractéristiques des microstructures des métauxdurs a base de carbures Ti (C, N) et WC/cubiques.
5 Principle
This part of Iso 4499 addresses the issue of good practice for the measurement of a mean value for the hard phase and binder phase size in hardmetals other than straight WC/Co. It recommends the use of a linear intercept technique for obtaining data on feature sizes. The measurements are to be made using good practice for the preparation of suitable microstructures for examination outlined in ISO 4499-1.
Methods of metallographic preparation and etching techniques are as important as the phase size measurement method (see also ASTM B 657, ASTM B 665, Reference [11 and Reference [21). Basic methods are described in ISO 4499-1. Further relevant information is given in Clause 8. The principal types of hardmetal considered are those that contain cubic carbides as well as WC and those that are based on TiC or Ti(C,N).[31[4][5i A cubic carbide phase is defined as a carbide having a cubic lattice, such as, for example, TiC or TaC, and which usually also contains W in solid solution after sintering. These materials typically contain hard phases that have grains with a core/rim structure. Guidelines to measure these internal details are included in ISO 4499—2:2008, Annex A.
The most direct way to measure the phase size is to polish and etch a cross-section of the microstructure and then to use quantitative metallographic techniques to measure a mean value for the feature size, either by area counting or by linear intercept techniques.
The following are three ways by which the mean size by number of the various phases can be defined:
— by length (of a line across a 2D section of a phase);
— by area (of 2D sections of phase regions);
— by volume (of individual phase regions).ISO 4499-3:2016 pdf free download.
Tags: Hardmetals
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